Doubling the power every eighteen months

The reason that computer power doubles every eighteen months (which is Moore's Law) is because scientists use ultraviolet radiations to "etch" tinier and tinier components onto a silicon chip. This technique is very similar to the way stencils are used to create colorful T-Shirts.Computer Engineer starts with thin wafer and then apply extremely thin coatings of various materials on top. A plastic mask is then placed over the wafer, which acts as a template. It contains the complex outlines of the wires, transistors and computer components that are the basic skeleton of the circuitry. The wafer is then bathed in ultraviolet radiation, which has a very short wavelength and that radiation imprints the pattern onto the photosensitive wafer. By treating the wafer with special gases and acids, the complex circuitry of the mask is etched onto the wafer where it was exposed to ultraviolet light. This process creates a wafer containing hundreds of millions of tiny grooves, which form the outlines of the transistors.